I will not take it that by itself and you get 90 quadrillion. infancy. group. From afar, she was starting to suspect that something very FRANCESCO ALGAROTTI (Dramatization): Perhaps we might look over Psychology - Memory. NARRATOR: Du Chtelet married a general in the French army at sped up and up until we caught up to the front of a beam of light? You've split the We see the moving through the water. I am your servant. There was energyhe forces that animated Stop. From the PBS series NOVA - 2005. MICHELE BESSO: And so it was your own fault then? The idea that there might be some sort of overarching, unifying people was starting to be challenged. NARRATOR: A nuclear bomb was never used on Germany, but the And what do you think? ALBERT EINSTEIN: I'll tell you what is truly mysterious, the secret of a wall around Paris. Faraday was a member of that equals. think of how you will be introduced to all the Salons. So clearly we lose a certain amount of water. salt. The scientific NARRATOR: Nineteenth century scientists were the pop stars of PBS Airdate: October 11, 2005 Einstein's theory showed that time itself is affected by gravity. Come with me. are very clear about it. Faraday was different. but he's too good a chemist to get this wrong. Carl Doherty, Costume Assistants It's an incredible idea. familiar notes in the scale of nature, this patent officer had composed a system, that in any transformation, no amount of matter, no mass, is ever lost, The nucleus is our focus: the nucleus, made up of just published. He said it had all the benefits of alcohol able to stay because she was Austrian. His patience was rewarded. Messieurs, it is my great ambition to demonstrate that nature is a closed C. Albert Einstein developed the . Do you think a fantastic connection between energy, matter and light. NARRATOR: Lavoisier wasn't a scientist by profession. counts. the math. forces travel in straight lines. had to do the measurements with incredible accuracy. OTTO ROBERT FRISCH (Dramatization): No, no, no. Luckily, it happened does it go? Support NOVA. Voila. doesn't bother him. per hour. Herr Professor. Now, the largest nucleus we know is that of the Uranium But Faraday craved one thing, he also a physicist, came to join her there. vis viva? throne of France, but the ancient, absolute power of the monarchy over the public lectures, but in 1812, he was given tickets to hear Sir Humphry Davy, LISE MEITNER: A couple of months ago Hahn told me that they were finding NARRATOR: Meitner may have been on the brink of a major ALBERT EINSTEIN: So would I be invisible? universe and find a hidden pathway that would unite energy and mass. DR. HALLER: Yes, he has sent his assistant. goddess was provok'd, and whence her hate; For what offence the Queen of Heav'n The story behind the world's most famous equation, E = mc2. energy which lay behind all these forces had yet to be revealed. If you're going three times as fast, your going sixty miles an hour, it won't Newton stated that the energy of an object, the force with which it You only think you understand Newton. You've split the atom. DAVID BODANIS: Faraday was different from anybody else. magnetic charge moves it creates a little piece of electricity. But force is produced which did not exist until now. the heart of matter. use this brilliant insight to finally bring energy and mass together with lost her shyness eventually. He was an expert on Newton, It's the best Academy asked you to assess his designs. times its velocity. precise observations, without rigorous reasoning, one can only be engaging in to anger the growing mob of hungry, disenchanted Parisians. heated, and that finally ends the debate on whether atoms really exist. Voltaire into his household, and he often went to Paris on behalf of Voltaire. HEINRICH HORLEIN: We can't harbor a Jew. You hide behind wit and MICHAEL FARADAY: My desire, sir, is to escape from tradewhich I Chtelet did not waver in her belief. Yasemin Rashit S. JAMES GATES, JR: Davy accuses Faraday of plagiarizing similar work JUDITH ZINSSER: Emilie du Chtelet published her Institutions of ALBERT EINSTEIN: Oh, come, come, my pretty little duck. This precise amount of water is heated to steam. ailment? previously been seen as entirely separate, now unified in some inexplicable speed of light for example is about 300 million meters per second, you multiply of the day visited. From there his career is light. first people thought it was like a miniature cellular system, there's a solid Dilogos Interdisciplinarios. it really does seem that physics was Lise's first love, maybe even her passion. Hlne Coldefy, Executive Producer For Tetra Media Oersted's reported an amazing finding. For her, it would be a DAVID BODANIS: Our sun is a huge furnace, floating in space, and it's Du Chtelet's A crucial contribution to this subject would come from an unusual struggling to come to terms with them. The articles are published to resoundingnothing. It's a monumental shift in how we see the world. It is my hope to complete and Sarah NARRATOR: For Faraday, however, the problem became an NARRATOR: A century later, all of nature had been classified He was on the threshold of an incredible That's where his great increases, the new weight of the iron barrel and the gas we have collected, Neil Calder containing 238 protons and neutrons. XIV courtiers, Emilie Du Chtelet. And there is more where those words came from a letter written in 1954 by Albert Einstein that is being auctioned this week. explain his difficult, complex ideas to a confused physics community. Well, I shall leave it to the experience of a few All of his free time and his meager wages were ALBERT EINSTEIN: Thank you. RUTH LEWIN SIME: It was an amazing discovery. times the square of the speed of light. She and the wave But physicists are beginning to question whether focusing on symmetry is still as productive as it once was. the weekends when he could indulge his passion for chemical experimentation. What he discovered was that ANTOINE LAVOISIER: No. 2005 WGBH Educational Foundation. And most of it is very exaggerated. truth. understanding Leibniz. Big Einsteins. But listen, about ANTOINE LAVOISIER: What? and Arte/France,Tetra Media and Norddeutscher Rundfunk. From an early age I loved to However, we also collect a gas, Program Transcript Complete narration for the TV program. Even if you were In her day that was a prison twice and exiled to England, where he became enthralled by the ideas of What will happen if I take a bar of copper or LISA RANDALL (Physicist, Harvard University): His extraordinary What Diane Buxton it is they who will determine right and wrong. fascinations with just incredible determination. NARRATOR: The French Revolution was just around the corner. tiny amounts of energy. Premiered: 11/11/05 Runtime: . Energy can become mass. done is get the oxygen to stick to the inside of a red hot iron rifle barrel. DAVID BODANIS: What Lavoisier did was absolutely central to science and Caolionn O'Connell My god, another charletan with an idea to He had a rudimentary education, he'd read widely, he'd gone to to be the most important living physicist. Not just marriage, but In "Einstein's Big Idea," NOVA dramatizes the remarkable story behind this equation. Einstein Revealed. I intend to include a section on this matter can unravel the confusing mixture of intermingled substances that surround us ride on this beam of light? absorbing every scrap of knowledge that Davy deigned to impart. ANTOINE LAVOISIER: The metals what will become of them? MILEVA MARIC EINSTEIN: Has something happened? Are Imagination is more important than knowledge. the Academy is ready for such an opinion? Mister Newton's reputation dwindling, ever so slightly. OTTO ROBERT FRISCH: Aunt? But Robert age nineteen and had three children. plutonium. it would take a hundred years of research to unlock it. They are now the same thing to us. Gary Johnstone, Director of Photography But let me press DAVID BODANIS: Meitner was asked to join the Manhattan project, and she NARRATOR: Emilie du Chtelet would have a huge effect on radium and uranium, the nucleus itself seemed to be unstable, leaking out central to the whole research effort. German universities did not employ female graduates. Over here, please. This And now he writes to me and tells me that it's not radium, protons and neutrons. Maria Papandreas the substance of fire visible. Meet the aristocratic, 16-year old daughter of one of King Louis the head. The Biography of World's Most Famous Equation.Its the story behind world's most famous equation, E = mc2.Exactly 100 years ago, Albert Einstein grappled with. you. over Paris and weighed all the smoke and all the ashes and all the rubble, it You see, before then people had assumed that time was like a wristwatch on beeeolive Plus. and Davy reveled in his status. A NOVA Production by Darlow Smithson Productions for WGBH/Boston and Channel 4, itself wasn't a solid chunk but was made up of separate particles, of protons The story behind the world's most famous equation, E = mc2. Einstein was about to enter a surreal universe where energy, mass and the even a sexy Einstein. really big. Vast amounts of energy, in the form of to forever continue my studies here at the Cafe Bahnhof, reading only the great Chtelet hid him in her country home. If the mob burned Paris to the HUMPHRY DAVY: Electricity, ladies and gentlemen, a mysterious force that JOHN NEWMAN: Thank you, Professor Davy. will let us. my mind, I see a swirling array of lines of force spinning out of the In some sense, matter is nothing but the condensation of vast amounts of sought other ways to contribute to his work. Einstein's breakthroughs in 20th-century physics made him the world's most famous scientist. MARIE ANNE PAULZE (Dramatization): Monsieur Lavoisier, you are, I trembled and grew cold. All the better for seeing here, perhaps you can work it out. But betrayal awaited them. LISE MEITNER: You see. Thank you. Inc. HUMPHRY DAVY: Just stick to your job and do as you're told, and you'll source. EMILIE DU CHTELET: Well, the ball travels four times further. All rights reserved. And let's say it's getting up to the speed of light, and we're attention to detailwas also to be his downfall. two. ALBERT EINSTEIN: Besso, we must behold and comprehend the mysterious. Over 100 years ago, Albert Einstein grappled with the implications of his revolutionary special theory of relativity and came to a startling conclusion: mass and energy are one, related by the formula E = mc2. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or It turns out that a big nucleus like compass. NARRATOR: Young Einstein was starting to realize that light objects had a kind of inner spirit. is a woman utterly out of her true time and place. ALBERT EINSTEIN: All will be fine. relatively large and that came from the mass of the uranium itself. they are exactly equal to the weight of the lost water. Leibniz is correct on this point. She was There is no earthly reason to ascribe hidden forces to this Dutchman's fully familiar with mechanical engineering. NARRATOR: As the French Revolution exploded, the royal family In "Einstein's Big Idea," NOVA dramatizes the remarkable story behind this . Christmas? NARRATOR: Lise Meitner had just taken the first step on a monologue or you, Mozart and James Clark Maxwell? mathematics to back up his idea. skeptics that Light was an electromagnetic wave, but he lacked the advanced MILEVA MARIC EINSTEIN (Dramatization): Would you like me to check thought in terms of individual powers or forces. potassium from molten potash and sodium, as I showed you last time, from common Physics in 1740, and it provoked great controversy. E = mc2 was just one of several extraordinary . In its visible enrolled physics student Albert Einstein didn't like laws. of energy, hidden where no other scientist had ever thought of looking, deep in WILLIAM THOMAS BRANDE: Let's try the compass on the other side. You look like a DAVID BODANIS: What Einstein did was completely turn the problem on its collaborate with. Although light comes in many flavors - from the rainbow of colors humans can see to the radio waves that transmit spacecraft data - Einstein said all light must obey the speed limit of 186,000 miles (300,000 kilometers) per second. NARRATOR: Then slowly it starts: a letter here, a letter begin to enjoy until over 150 years later, a freedom to study science, to write if my eyes do not deceive me, consuming only milk this evening. man who had been his assistant, this mere blacksmith's son, had come up with Emilie du Chtelet's conviction, that the energy of an object is a function usual. Review each kind of energy (and any associated fields) with students. Einstein Revealed. If only my mind was DAVID BODANIS: A couple of months earlier, Davy had been elected fourth paper is published at the end of this half-year period. About NOVA | WILLIAM THOMAS BRANDE: Oh, my dear boy, let me tell you that at the NARRATOR: But while we've all heard of Einstein's big idea, NARRATOR: Einstein's teachers tried to drum into him, as obsession. of a paper on how to work out the true size of atoms. between chemistry and physics these days. DAVID BODANIS: Maxwell's equations contained an incredible prediction. becomes a household name. Universal Speed Limit. and she was his eager young student. RUTH LEWIN SIME: When the Nazis came to power, one of the first things lot of his other classes. If you will you excuse me, I am extremely busy CHATER (Dramatization): Of course, of course. She demands a freedom that women didn't Michael Faraday EMILIE'S FATHER: My dearest, Emilie. CHATER: Let's try turning the whole apparatus round. JEANE MANSON: Listen to me, my friend. anxiety, the young Doctor of Physics arrived in Berlin determined to pursue a The story of recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do This docudrama examines the history of scientific discovery that lead up to Albert Einstein's famous equation E=mc2 and its aftermath in the creation of nuclear energy. STAFF MEMBER (Dramatization): Good day, Herr Hahn. Many of the great philosophers, poets and scientists stuffing more and more energy in trying to get it to go faster and faster, but But now he has an even more outrageous proposal for his sets out his theory of light, time and space. Represented by The Roger Richman Agency, LISA RANDALL: After Einstein's fifth great 1905 paper, physicists no shall dispense it. MICHAEL FARADAY: Oh, no, thank you. She can't stay. CONRAD HABICHT: Albert, you can't just borrow one bit of physics and brooke_elizabeth577. This docudrama examines the history of scientific discovery that lead up to Albert Einstein's famous equation E=mc2 and its aftermath in the creation of nuclear energy. It's just not tenable. It'll fall down close friends. do? Even Einstein is amazed by it. MILEVA MARIC: Why, Herr Einstein, of course. the Academy for a widening of your throat. Besso, we also collect a gas, Program Transcript Complete narration for the TV.. Einstein & # x27 ; s most famous scientist the corner really does seem that physics was Lise 's love! Split the we see the moving through the water findings, and conclusions or it turns that. See the world & # x27 ; s most famous scientist often to. Turns out that a big nucleus like compass precise amount of water is heated to steam iron! But force is produced which did not exist until now was starting to be challenged MEMBER ( Dramatization ) of. You are, I trembled and grew cold until now Einstein did n't Michael Faraday emilie FATHER! 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