why is miss marie called the maginot line
Spring arrives, and Claudia associates this event with being whipped with a switch instead of a strap. Love in the Bluest Eye is often paired with violence. for a customized plan. [18], French plans for an offensive in the 1920s were realistic, as Versailles had forbidden German conscription, and the Reichswehr was limited to 100,000 men. Knowing he can't grant her wish, he tells her that it will be granted if she brings some meat to the dog on the porch outside. But modern historians are increasingly making a bold claim: It wasn't the Maginot Line that failed, it was diplomacy and French armored tactics. Renews March 8, 2023 For the girls, their mother's word is law: they dislike Marie based on their mother's dislike of Marie. It was part of a bigger plan to force a German attack through Belgium. Built at a cost that possibly exceeded $9 billion in. It's possible to see an unsettling connection between the blonde dolls and the blonde daughters of families that employ black servants: in playing with little blonde dolls, black girls must either pretend the child is theirsand so negate their own race and deny their own beautyor they must pretend that they, like Pauline, are servants caring for the children of white employers. The fortifications were built as a result of experiences from the . When Joffre, Maginot and others conceived of the Maginot Line, Germany was under tight military restrictions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles. Some of the larger ouvrages were converted to command centres. Her courtesy and hospitality are real, but she has no patience for the girls' disrespect. And like any trench, it belonged to the . Cloches are non-retractable turrets. It turns out that Henry touched Friedas breasts. An independent and strong-minded nine-year-old, Claudia is a fighter and rebels against adults tyranny over children and against the Black communitys idealization of white beauty standards. In 1939 U.S. Army officer Kenneth Nichols visited the Metz sector, where he was impressed by the formidable formations which he thought the Germans would have to outflank by driving through Belgium. Here the Line ran east-west, around the villages of Rittershoffen and Hatten, south of Wissembourg. He has a gruff manner toward little Blackgirls. The white neighborhood in which Mrs. Breedlove works is beautiful and well kept, demonstrating the connection between race and class. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. The line has since become a metaphor for expensive efforts that offer a false sense of security.[1]. The community knows. Read an in-depth analysis of Pecola Breedlove. The community knows Miss Marie as the Maginot Line. The last line of defense was the Maginot Line's massive ouvrages, each large enough to hold 500 to 1,000 permanent troops. The latter meant the next war's destructive consequences would not take place on French soil. "The Maginot Line was meant to stop a World War I-style attack of infantry and artillery, and it did what it was supposed to do," says Kirchubel, who's written multiple books on World War II military campaigns. This section, like the sections on Pauline and Cholly, shows a preoccupation with geneology and ancestry. Infantry Casemates: These bunkers were armed with twin machine-guns (abbreviated as JM Jumelage de mitrailleuses in French) and anti-tank guns of 37 or 47mm (1.5 or 1.9in). When she is getting ready to give birth to her second child, the doctor tells a group of students that with black women, there is never any trouble, because black women deliver right away and with no pain, just like horses. He feels that is right for a black girl like Pecola to long to "see the world with blue eyes," but a thoughtful reader will note that eye color does not have an effect on vision. They find Pecola at the back of one of the prettiest houses. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. [44] Romanych and Rupp indicate that except for the loss of several insignificant fortifications from insufficient defending troops, the actual fortifications and troops "withstood the test of battle", repulsed numerous attacks, and "withstood intense aerial and artillery bombardment". Neglected by her parents, married to an alcoholic, black, poor, uneducated, and female, few choices are left to her. All are Anglophiles who try to expunge any trace of the African in themselves. Miss Marie is insulted when Claudia tells her she is "ruined." However, the French line was weak near the Ardennes Forest. [42], Marc Romanych and Martin Rupp highlight that "poor decisions and missed opportunities" plagued the line and point to its purpose of conserving manpower: "about 20 percent of [France's] field divisions remained inactive along the Maginot Line". French strategy, therefore, envisioned a move into Belgium to counter a German assault. $24.99 [I] settled down to just being ugly.". [18] The French assumption was always that Germany would not go to war without conscription, which would allow the German Army to take advantage of the Reich's numerical superiority. She becomes pregnant. These GFM cloches were sometimes used to emplace machine guns or observation periscopes. Bluest Eye literature essays are academic essays for citation. The word cloche is a French term meaning bell due to its shape. "That's the part that fell apart for the Allies.". By asking Frieda if she just sat there, Claudia displays her ignorance of the realities of male oppression of women. Look up his videos for some good strategy. This section shows the powerful deterministic forces that have shaped Pauline. The fear in the little white girl's eyes suggests she has been taught to fear black people. The Question and Answer section for Bluest Eye is a great He is fiercely protective of his daughters. She loses her tooth, Pauline tells us, while biting into a piece of candy at the movies. They could also be used as a local headquarters and counterattack base. Petits ouvrages: These small fortresses reinforced the line of infantry bunkers. He plays God, and refuses to deal with the subjectivity of other living things in a meaningful wayhe convinces himself that he is acting in the best interests of Bob the dog and Pecola, but the narrator makes clear that Soaphead Church has no real concern for either. What does the word "festers" mean? Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! The little white girl is dressed in delicate pink and has yellow hair. The lies about traveling with the prostitutes points to her desire to escape her abusive home and see the world. By the time Germany invaded Poland in 1939, it was clear to French military leaders that they had greatly underestimated the speed and ruthless efficiency of the German blitzkrieg. Middle-aged, he has never married and has a lecherous side. Even as an adult, Mrs. Breedlove is inferior to the little white girl, as shown when the little girl calls her by the nickname "Polly." Her life is lonely; she takes to going to the movies, where she learns about romantic love and physical beautytwo things Morrison calls "the most destructive ideas in the history of human thought." This reassured allied civilians. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. However, after France had failed to counter the German remilitarisation of the Rhineland, Belgiumthinking that France was not a reliable allyabrogated the treaty in 1936 and declared neutrality. Her love she saves for the Fishers' daughter, while she becomes quick-tempered and abusive with her own children. French military chiefs were dubious about their ability to win another war against Germany on its own, especially an offensive war. Subsequently the Line was of minimal military importance, and many of the fortress divisions surrendered without even fighting. (including. The landscape of the Moselle region is truly beautiful and everywhere you will find abandoned, rusting reminders of what was once the most formidable line of forts ever constructed. They fought for four years in WWI, but were done in a week in WWII." There are 142 ouvrages, 352 casemates, 78 shelters, 17 observatories and around 5,000 blockhouses in the Maginot Line.[a]. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. The World War II German invasion plan of 1940 (Sichelschnitt) was designed to deal with the line. The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. Her experience of unwanted sexual attention contrasts sharply with Pecolas rape experience, in which Pecolas father not only fails to protect her, but is the perpetrator himself. By the end of the novel, through Pecola's experience, the MacTeer sisters will have a much better understanding of ruin. Cholly is supposed to be taken in by an uncle, but the humiliation by the river is the catalyst for him running away from home to find his father. Pauline describes the first steady job she landed, working as a housekeeper for an ungenerous and pretentious white family. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. Maginot Line. Teachers and parents! "Bluest Eye Spring Summary and Analysis". ", "Opinion The difficult truths behind 'Dunkirk', The Maginot Line (French/English/German/Italian), Fortress of Schoenenbourg, (French/English/German/Italian), The U.S. Army vs. It may be, though, that such an accusation coming from girls she thought might be innocent only makes the accusation more painful for Miss Marie. As the line was surrounded, the German Army attacked a few ouvrages from the rear but was unsuccessful in capturing any significant fortifications. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. "The Maginot Line was never meant to fight the war by itself. But after a few days of following M'Dear's prescription, Aunt Jimmy eats a peach cobbler and dies. Beyond that, the French were well aware of the contribution of Britain and its dominions to the victory of 1918. Mr. MacTeer: Claudia's father, Mr. MacTeer, is not present often in the book. Pecolas mother, who believes that she is ugly; this belief has made her lonely and cold. To push Germany into an effort to circumvent via Switzerland or Belgium. Her mother reinforces this connection as well. Claudia's response reveals the injustice she feels with regard to the little girl's gesture, and the violent tendencies such feelings inspire. How do colorism and classism cause this status? The location of this attack, chosen because of the location of the Maginot Line, was through the Belgian Ardennes Forest (sector 4), which is off the map to the left of Maginot Line sector 6 (as marked). The defences were first proposed by Marshal Joseph Joffre. He rents from an old woman with a nasty, aging dog named Bob. Petrol-engined armoured locomotives pulled supply trains along these narrow-gauge lines. The MacTeer family does not have light eyes. (including. Besides that, a few private houses are built atop some blockhouses.[34]. The local prostitues, Miss Marie (also known as the Maginot Line) is fat and affectionate, China is skinny and sarcastic, and Poland is quiet. In the wake of that catastrophic war, the French government vowed to protect its vulnerable northeast border with Germany from any future attacks. The inside of the house is beautiful, and a small white girl comes in and asks for Polly. Claudia is furious that the child calls Mrs. Breedlove by this name because even Pecola calls her mother Mrs. She is given to fussing aloud and to singing the blues. Line of fortifications along the French/German border, 1927: Allied Control Commission abolished. | [53] New York Times headlined "Maginot Line in the Sky" in 2000[54] and "A New Maginot Line" in 2001. Elihue hates the animal and longs to poison it, but he convinces himself that he wishes to poison it for the animal's own sake. Frieda and Claudia decide to ask Pecola to get whisky from her father in order to keep Frieda from getting fat. Czechoslovakia also feared Hitler and began building its own defences. Maureen is light-skinned and wealthy. She lies to Claudia and Frieda, claiming that the prostitutes give her pretty dresses and shoes, take her to the movies, and that China is going to take her to Cleveland to see the square and Poland is going to take her to Chicago to see the Loop. She takes care of the Fishers better than her own family, and there is a strange parallel between her care of the Fishers' daughter and the care of blonde dolls described by Claudia earlier in the novel. Mary, Jean-Yves; Hohnadel, Alain; Sicard, Jacques. China, Poland, and Miss Marie These women are the local prostitutes in Loraine, Ohio. The moment with the doctors is crucial, and is yet another scene in which we can study the gaze and how it functions. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. [50] Kaufmann and Kaufmann point to the Maginot Line along the Italian border, which "demonstrated the effectiveness of the fortifications when properly employed".[51]. The Maginot Line was impervious . On your tree as germany there is a focus that takes 28 days called around the maginot. Miss Marie is overweight and kind, China read analysis of China, Poland, and Miss Marie Maureen Peal on 50-99 accounts. [26] Of French trade, 35 percent was with the British Empire and the majority of the tin, rubber, jute, wool and manganese used by France came from the British Empire. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. In discussion with General Brousseau, the commander of the Metz sector and other officers, the general outlined the French problem in extending the line to the sea in that placing the line along the Belgian-German border required the agreement of Belgium, but putting the line along the French-Belgian border relinquished Belgium to the Germans. How Hitler's Blitzkrieg Tactic Shocked the Allies in WWII. It is the Maginot Line. You can view our. The petits ouvrages were generally made up of several infantry bunkers, connected by a tunnel network with attached underground facilities, such as barracks, electric generators, ventilation systems, mess halls, infirmaries and supply caches. Their poor treatment of the whore seems a comment on their youth more than malice, although it cannot go unnoted that in a novel about the pain of being an outcast, Frieda treats Marie very poorly. The Maginot Line was a series of fortifications built by France between 1929-34 and subsequently enhanced until 1939. The Maginot Line laughs and throws her root-beer bottle at them. She then throws her root-beer bottle down at the girls' feet and laughs loudly, terrifying the girls, who run until they can't run any farther. [31] Stephen Ambrose wrote that in January 1945, "a part of the line was used for the purpose it had been designed for and showed what a superb fortification it was." The cobbler splatters on the floor and burns her, and her mother comes in and beats her. Elihue's own education brings him into contact with the Western canon, but in these great works he understands only what he wishes to see. The elephant in the rhyme is said to be a reference to the original Republicans, party of Abraham Lincoln and abolitionism, jumping the fence, or crossing the Mason-Dixon Line, to help free the slaves. These were composed of at least six "forward bunker systems" or "combat blocks" and two entrances and were connected via a network of tunnels that often featured narrow gauge electric railways for transport between bunker systems. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Toni Morrison and The Bluest Eye Background. . Artillery troops operated the heavy guns, and the engineers were responsible for maintaining and operating other specialist equipment, including all communications systems. A co-worker and friend of Chollys during his boyhood. (one code per order). Border Post line: This consisted of blockhouses and strong houses, which were often camouflaged as inoffensive residential homes, built within a few metres of the border and manned by troops to give the alarm in the event of a surprise attack and to delay enemy tanks with prepared explosives and barricades. [52] The article portrayed vulnerability by showing a rocket being transported through a marshy area atop an ox. The Maginot Line was designed to resist attacks by aerial bombardment, artillery and ground forces. [49][42], When the French Army failed in Belgium, the Maginot Line covered their retreat. The original construction did not cover the area ultimately chosen by the Germans for their first challenge, which was through the Ardennes in 1940, a plan known as Fall Gelb (Case Yellow), due to the neutrality of Belgium. "Maginot and these other guys weren't dumb," says Kirchubel. 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