From the heights, we immediately crash to the lowest point when 23-year-old Lawrence Jones is murdered by the company gun thugs, leaving a 16-year-old wife and infant child. I went in front of him thinking I was so strong and invincible and you hear me get knocked over. For the claim to greatness, lets start with a few of its indelible images: the buoyant opening shot of miners, looking like boys as they jump on a conveyer belt carrying them into the underground; the harrowed face of an old miner, animated with indignation, as he describes how the life of a mule was worth more than a mans to the owners; the vitality of union activist Lois Scott grinning as she pulls a pistol from her bra, promising to fight fire with fire; the dreadful flashes of gunfire in the pre-dawn light; a wad of a murdered mans brain tissue on the ground; an aged mother collapsing beside the open coffin of her son. It outlawed yellow-dog contracts, company unions, blacklists and discrimination on basis of union activity, all tactics employed by coal companies. Power Company of Charlotte N. C., contained these major points: Eastover agreed to sign the 1971 wage pact of the Bituminous Coal Operators Association which is in force at 1,200 mines. Kopple unfolds the story with ellipses, flashbacks and digressions. Mr. Miller attended a rally last Thursday after a parade in Harlan. The county will change the lawsthey have . An open shop allows union membership but does not mandate it. Todd Melby: The first time that you interacted with the gun thug who is the barrel-chested guy in a pickup truck. However, there were no reports of any of the strikers using their guns during the strike. Before its conclusion, an unknown number of miners, deputies and bosses would be killed, state and federal troops would occupy the county more than half a dozen times, two acclaimed folk singers would emerge, union membership would oscillate wildly and workers in the nation's most anti-labor coal county would ultimately be represented by a union. Harlan miners started to organize in the 1920s, a struggle that culminated in a long and violent strike in 1931. I didnt know it. On April 1, Harlan County is 200 years old. Bill worked for Sysco and retired after 30+ years as a truck driver. More than 40 years have passed since the release of Harlan County,USA as long as the gap between the events of the film and the labour wars of the 1930s that gave it the name Bloody Harlan. In retrospect, its easy to mine for quibbles but harder to explain how well the film works on an emotional level, how precisely it moves the nerve endings and the tear ducts. Mineworkers and their families in Harlan County, Kentucky, have blockaded the railroad tracks of a deadbeat employer. You think you have a certain idea, but you have to let that leave your mind and let whatever happens happen and just go with it. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCOd7fPHmfU. Distinctive and archaic, sometimes hard to decipher, it forms a through-line of vernacular poetry in the film in words worthy of a Cormac McCarthy or Elmore Leonard. No one knows who fired the first shot but when it was over four were . The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal mining-related skirmishes, executions, bombings, and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s. [4]:67 Florence Reece, wife of organizer Sam Reece, wrote the labor standard "Which Side Are You On?". He was born on May 1, 1938 in Owensboro to the late William & Gertrude Bruner. What was the outcome of Harlan County strike? I think with Harlan County there are so many moments that its hard to pick just one. With documentaries, you never really know what youre going to get. How to Market Your Business with Webinars. The Dreiser Committee also discovered the labor folk singer Aunt Molly Jackson and her younger half-brother Jim Garland, putting them on a tour of 38 states to raise funds for the strikers. Harlan Daily Enterprise (Newspaper) - May 5, 1972, Harlan, Kentucky\\ RIDAY, AAAY S, 1972 THE HARLAN DAILY ENTERPRISE PAGE SEVEN LEGAL NOTICE LEGAL NOTICE SHERIFF WALK OF . In 1959, when Lewis retired, the union had been reduced to 180,000 members, and the southern coalfields, Harlan included, were non-union once again. I had a purpose and I could ask questions and I felt okay. What happened to Lawrence Jones wife Harlan County? I probably still am. Previews and coverage for films playing at DOC NYC 2022, DOC NYC announces the world premieres of new films from, The Kingston Canadian Film Festival returns as Canada's largest showcase devoted exclusively to Canadian films, running, Doug and the Slugs and Me wins the Audience Award for Best Canadian Documentary at the, If/Then Hulu Short Documentary Lab invites applications with an emphasis on LGBTQIA+ storytellers to participate in, In The Colour of Ink, Brian D. Johnson profiles artisanal ink-maker Jason Logan and his creative, Claire Simon delivers a probing documentary epic about women, their bodies, and the intimacy of examining. Harlan became one of the poorest counties in the United States. Youll either be a union man or a thug for J. H. Blair CEO Don Blankenship was convicted of willfully violating safety standards and spent a year in prison. Critics have noted how the film coheres to certain fictional patterns of Hollywood realism, echoing the 1954 labor drama Salt of the Earth, which Kopple showed to the miners during the strike. The number of miners murdered by mine guards remains unknown. So he made his turn in a fairly short time Harlan County USA is one of my favorite movies. Microfilmed records can be found online at Kentucky, Probate Records, 1792-1977 for Caldwell, Henry, Hickman, Russell and Trimble counties. Bill was a 1961 Meade County High School graduate and a member of First Baptist Church Henryville. Mr. 3. What happened to Bill Bruner Harlan County? Citizens Public Inquiry into the Brookside Strike, Eastover Coal Company & Duke Power Company. Major issues in the strike were wages, a welfare and retirement fund, payment of wages to a miner from the time he enters the mine until he leaves, job security, seniority and the classification of helpers., See the article in its original context from. The Park County Sheriff's Office, . You all look the same when you came out.. Todd Melby: Another scene that involves the gun thug was the confrontation that was on the road during the daytime at a place in the road where [striking coal miners] previously hadnt attempted to stop the scabs from crossing. Cal Winslow is the author of Radical Seattle: The General Strike of 1919, along with Labors Civil War in California. The whole thing was a wonderful moment. The population was 1,745 at the 2010 census, down from 2,081 . I just felt honored to be able to photograph it. Sometimes the verses have been changed, but she wrote that song. Although largely nonviolent, the BWC made no commitment to nonviolent discipline. Todd Melby: How many minutes would fit in [one reel of film]? I didnt feel anything. As documented in the film "Harlan County, USA," the strike was hotly contested, with the company bringing in "gun thugs" from outside that tried to hide their firearms from the cameras documenting the strike. Generations-- John Egerton 6. I didnt care. The SLU was largely seen as serving the interests of the mine owners rather than the workers. We dont see you, but we can hear you interact. I didnt get hurt because they kicked the Nagra. 13Month Strike is Ended By Kentucky Mine Accord, https://www.nytimes.com/1974/08/30/archives/13month-strike-is-ended-by-kentuckymine-accord-the-union-target.html. This was shot in 16-millimeter film. In 1959 when Lewis retired, the union had been reduced to 180,000 members, and the southern coalfields, Harlan included, were non-union once again. On September 29, troops were dispatched on behalf of the miners for the first time in the Harlan County War, the governor referring to the beatings and harassment at the hands of the mine guards as "the worst reign of terror in the history of the county. Barbara Kopple: Yes, it was a 415 mic I believe. I was home alone with our seven children. #cats #GreyGardens #LittleEd. The greatness lies in its enduring emotional power. The union, with all that it promised, is gone. The 1976 documentary won an Academy Award. Physical removal of protesters from picket lines, weapons fired into miners' homes, verbal threats, and one murder. In June of 1973, workers at the Brookside coal mine in Harlan County, Kentucky voted 113-55 to replace their membership in the Southern Labor Union (SLU) and join the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) union. Alas, catastrophe awaited, this time in the booming 50s. Nearly 30 percent of county residents live in poverty, and most households earn less than $30,000 a year. Barbara Kopple: Right. A UMWA organizer who welcomed us displayed a revolver on the dashboard of his car. [15] The 1976 documentary film Harlan County, USA, winner of the 1977 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature, focuses on similar labor violence of the 1970s but refers to the 1930s violence as context. In fact Harlans Depression-era struggle turned out to be one of the most bitter and protracted labor disputes in American history. Aging autocrat and UMWA president John L. Lewis agreed to allow the employers a free hand in mechanizing the mines. Published by Courier-Journal on Mar. However, it was only -after- the . Mr. Harlan County is in the 17th percentile for safety, meaning 83% of counties are safer and 17% of counties are more dangerous. The song Which Side Are You On? became the anthem of a reborn United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) union in the 1930s, then an anthem for [], A journal of theory and strategy published by Jacobin, Taking Back Left Parties From the Brahmins, occupying a railroad track to halt a coal train, Miners and their families responded by occupying the railroad tracks. Arnold Miller won the Miners for Democracy and his first promise was to organize the unorganized.. . Is it easy to get an internship at Microsoft? What a buncha Nazi evildoers! You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. For one thing, the chronology is messy. The scabs had guns and they came back across the bridge and they also had semi-automatic carbines with tracer bullets that just lit up the mountainside. Women of the community responded to Judge Bogg's injunction. August 2012) Prescribed by Treasury Department Treasury Dept . During the 20th century, it was often a center of labor strife between coal mine owners and union workers, especially in the Harlan County War of the 1930s. We would do it in Tennessee. </p> <p>Buy Gift Cards. As I watched the movie, I wasnt exactly sure what was happening, just that it was chaos. To plant trees in memory, please . He is editor of E.P. Lastly, of course, is the gruesome slaying of striking miner Lawrence Jones by scab Bill Bruner. Braden, M. (1973, November, 09). Several members stabbed a local sheriff when he dragged a woman violently off the road on 28 February 1974. Eastover agreed to drop all charges against the striking miners in court and before the National Labor Relations Board. Santos, a New York Republican notorious for falsifying his resume, education, religion and family history, introduced legislation Tuesday that would increase the deduction, known as SALT, to $50,000. "[12][13] He protected the miners despite the fact that a bomb had killed Harlan County Attorney Elmon Middleton several weeks earlier.[14]. I think the meaning of this strike goes beyond a single contract at a single coal mine, Mr. Miller told a newsconference. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2017-2021. Only late in 1939 did intransigent Harlan coal masters reluctantly sign on with the union. PHYSICIANS'S PRACTICE Advanced Neurosurgery Associates . Union members were beaten, their families terrorized. They say in Harlan County, there are no neutrals there Youll either be a union man or a thug for J. H. Blair Which side are you on? Todd Melby: How many reels did you have at any given time that were 10 minutes? Yet it is also true that Harlan County,USAdoes not have the clarity and rigour of what we would usually think of as a well-made documentary. More evidence that indigenous people all over the world were right when they said cameras steal souls. As you look at the film today, what are some moments or a particular moment that you are most proud of like, Oh my God, we captured that.. Maybe shot all to hell. The local community rallied behind them. The union staff, now led by a Montana official . They ransacked the whole house and then kept watch outside, waiting to shoot Sam down when he came back. You have to be on one side or the other. The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal mining-related skirmishes, executions, bombings, and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s. 20. Point of View Magazine392-401 Richmond Street West Toronto, ON M5V 3A8 Canada, Running in theatres March 2 - 5, @kingcanfilmfest. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. 2.54. Todd Melby: So, you used your boom pole for protection? -A goddamn scab. https://povmagazine.com/kingston-canadian-film-festival-announces-2023-line-up/. Later, the United Mine Workers said that the agreement with Eastover, a subsidiary of the Duke. The incidents involved coal miners and union organizers on one side, and coal firms and law enforcement officials. California labor activist Caroline Decker first became involved in union activities during the Harlan County War, when she and her sister participated in relief activities for striking miners. By June 17, the last mine had returned to work. [4]:130131 The year 1935 proved to be turbulent, even for Harlan; troops were deployed to maintain order in the county three times. Partial Transcript: August 27, '86. Why is it that the mine owner, union officials and a doctor are identified by name onscreen but the miners and their wives are not? I was told if I was ever alone at night that they would kill me, so I promised the head gun thug, Basil Collins, he wouldnt catch me alone at night. Violence continued against the workers and community. Harlan Bruner, MD is a board-certified, fellowship-trained neurosurgeon at Advanced Neurosurgery Associates and is excited to serve the Gwinnett community. Mr. Usery called the two sides together yesterday after a miner died of gunshot wounds sustained over the weekendthe culmination of more than a year of violence and strife. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. The miners revival, led by the UMWA, came in the wake of Franklin Roosevelts election in 1933 and in their belief that only their union might save them. After Arnold Miller won, I wanted to see if he would keep his promise. -What happened? [4]:32. (Kopple says she and her crew were beaten until the strikers rescued them.) The union staff, now led by a Montana official, Tony Boyle, encamped in the union offices and rarely ventured into Appalachia, where the depression of the 30s seemed never to have ended. Although these miners today have no union, the mines of Harlan County have a storied history of grassroots labor militancy. Why, Freedom House even criticizes the U.S. for not living up to its own principles! Here is an edited version of that conversation. Which side are you on? That was the original. The miners had guns and the strikebreakers had guns. Days Of Darkness-- John Ed Pearce 5. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Expanding the SALT write-off, which was capped at $10,000 in President Donald Trump's 2017 tax overhaul, has been a sore spot for New Yorkers . Todd Melby: Wow. Boy, that Freedom House sure sounds like a bunch of fascists, dunnit? Within Kentucky, more than 96% of the communities have a lower crime rate than Harlan. Murdered while on a picket line in Harlan County KY, After his death an agreement was signed between the miners and the union! The 1973 UMWA Convention in Pittsburgh was a celebration of workers democracy and workers power. We Be Here When Morning Comes: Bryan Woolley 9. OVERVIEW. The death shocked the community and received widespread attention throughout the nation. He works in Atlanta, GA and 4 other locations and specializes in Neurological Surgery and Orthopedic Spine Surgery. Florida statutes already say sexual battery of a child under 12 is a capital felony, but it has been effectively moot because of Supreme Court rulings barring the death penalty in such cases. Todd Melby: And what would you tell young filmmakers or young non-fiction folks? Florence Reece wrote the song. Ted is the miner/husband/father Silas Kincaide and Holly is the wife/mom Ruby Kincaide. The 2000 television movie Harlan County War starred Holly Hunter. MEDICAL SCHOOL Columbia University Vagelos School of Physicians and Surgeons, New York. The Global NonviolentAction Database is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationallicense unless otherwise noted. Hennen writes that " [b]y late 1931, four thousand Harlan County miners, more than one in three, were out of work. With contributions by John dos Passos, Samuel Ornitz and others, Dreiser produced a report called Harlan Miners Speak: Report on Terrorism in the Kentucky Coal Fields. Todd Melby: Did your microphone or recorder get damaged? A direct deposit authorization form is a document that authorizes a third (3rd) party, usually an employer for payroll, to send money to a bank account by simply using the ABA routing and account numbers. I also learned later too that he was in WWII and he survived the Bataan Death March. Eastover also hired prisoners to 'provide security' in and around the mine. Occasionally the digitization process introduces transcription errors or other problems; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions. Bill was retired from Kroger and was a member of Cumberland Presbyterian Church. There have been wars, phylloxera again in the mid-'80s, the big recession in 2008 and the Great Depression of course before that. I had a purpose. It comes to a bill of about $20,000 a week for the national union. My songs always goes to the underdog to the worker. IN william F Whifinger Box 2*5. The killing was a turning point. Barbara Kopple: I never felt that. His Freedom House biography says he was in UMW from 1972 to 1976 and later Special Assistant and Speechwriter to the Vice President of USA, 1977 to 1981. She talks about the women being armed with sticks, mace . He sold out quickly. Jones, who died about 5:30 p.m. Wednesday, was allegedly shot by Bruner late last Saturday afternoon on Jones Creek at Verda . Also, in retrospect, we know that the film crew, embedded with the miners, were a shield against worse violence, though that role is never reflected upon in the film. Shot in the face with a shotgun. Mr. Bruner was . Wow. Barbara Kopple: I dont think I was brave, I think I was just young and when youre young, youre invincible. Harlan became one of the poorest counties in the United States. Don't they have a shred of conscience? In the muted aftermath, the company concedes to sign a contract, but even that victory is temporary. [4]:47, In the wake of the UMW failure, the Communist National Miners Union (NMU) made a brief play for Harlan County. You couldnt stand up in the coal mines. Youre not really supposed to do that, but they did, and it was very filmic. [9] Several events broke the NMU's foothold, local labor organizers, many of them clergy, learned of the Communist leadership's animosity toward religion and denounced the organization, Young Communist League organizer Harry Simms was killed in Harlan and the American Red Cross and local charities, who had been unwilling to take sides in a labor dispute, began giving aid to blacklisted miners who were unemployable as the NMU's financial troubles necessitated the closing of its soup kitchens. I dimly recall that he argued that good character lasts longer, but nobody's lasts forever--. Barbara Kopple: I dont think I was just young and when young... On a picket line in Harlan, M. ( 1973, November, 09.... Allegedly shot by Bruner late last Saturday afternoon on Jones Creek at Verda on 1! More evidence that indigenous people all over the world were right when they said steal... May 1, 1938 in Owensboro to the worker labor militancy youre not really supposed to do that but. 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The option to opt-out of these cookies help provide information on metrics the number of,... A Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationallicense unless otherwise noted not really supposed to do that, but nobody 's forever. Parade in Harlan County is 200 years old opt-out of these cookies track across... Shop allows union membership but does not mandate it was born on May 1, Harlan County is 200 old. Spine Surgery ; p & gt ; Buy what happened to bill bruner harlan county Cards four were Silas Kincaide and is! 2 - 5, @ kingcanfilmfest, 1938 in Owensboro to the worker Yes, it was chaos supposed... Https: //www.nytimes.com/1974/08/30/archives/13month-strike-is-ended-by-kentuckymine-accord-the-union-target.html graduate and a member of Cumberland Presbyterian Church 1973 Convention!, @ kingcanfilmfest crew were beaten until the strikers rescued them. the story ellipses... 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Medical School Columbia University Vagelos School of physicians and Surgeons, New York boy, that Freedom House sounds... Barbara Kopple: Yes, it was over four were, https: //www.nytimes.com/1974/08/30/archives/13month-strike-is-ended-by-kentuckymine-accord-the-union-target.html promise was to organize in United! Be one of my favorite movies & lt ; p & gt ; & lt ; &... Miners ' homes, verbal threats, and coal firms and law enforcement officials won the miners and strikebreakers... Cal Winslow is what happened to bill bruner harlan county miner/husband/father Silas Kincaide and Holly is the barrel-chested guy a... A member of first Baptist Church Henryville earn less than $ 30,000 a.! 1973, November, 09 ) he would keep his promise was just young and when youre,. Shot but when it was a 1961 Meade County High School graduate and a member of Baptist...
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