an lushan rebellion death toll percentage
The Tang dynasty began with the victorious General and rebel leader in Tang China; first emperor of Yan (r. 756757), Pondering Emperor Xuanzong's death & Northward campaign, Death of Li Linfu and rivalry with Yang Guozhong. Matsui 1981. The Lushan rebellion was a fierce uprising against the Tang Dynasty between the years 755 and 763 CE (Hansen 63). Seizing several major cities from the Ming, including Shenyang to serve as their new independent capital, the situation entered an approximate stalemate for the next quarter-century. Istilah Pemberontakan An Lushan juga digunakan. in accordance with New World Encyclopedia standards. Arriving in Mexico in 1517, two years later an expedition led by Hernn Corts embarked with the goal of subjugating the native populations. A census taken in 280 following the reunification of the region under the Jin accounts for 2,459,840 households, encompassing 16,163,863 total subjects. Faced with the threat of divided loyalties, on January 1, 1851, the Qing Green Standard Army attacked the God Worshiping Society at Jintian; in response to this provocation, Hong proclaimed himself the Heavenly King of the Heavenly Kingdom of Peace and sent forth his armies against the Qing. Hoyos, Wiley-Blackwell (2011), England under the Norman and Angevin Kings 1075-1225, R. Bartlett, in New Oxford History of England, J.M. The revolt, named the An Lushan Rebellion, ruptured through the imperial army. [35], Later that year, when Emperor Xuanzong, seeing that both An Lushan and An Sishun (who by this point was the military governor of Shuofang Circuit (, headquartered in modern Yinchuan, Ningxia)) had poor relations with Geshu Han, the military governor of Hexi (, headquartered in modern Wuwei, Gansu) and Longxi (, headquartered in modern Haidong prefecture, Qinghai) Circuits, and wanted to improve relations between these three key border troop commanders, he summoned all three to the capital and had the powerful eunuch Gao Lishi host a feast for the three of them, trying to get them to resolve their unpleasantries. An Lushan, Wade-Giles romanization An Lu-shan, original surname Kang, imperial name Xiongwu, (born 703, Yingzhou [now Chaoyang, Liaoning province], Referensi [ sunting | sunting An Lushan (Chinese: ; pinyin: n Lshn; 20th day of the 1st month[4] 19 February 703[2] 29 January 757[3]) was a general in the Tang dynasty and is primarily known for instigating the An Lushan Rebellion. In 741, when the deputy chief imperial censor Zhang Lizhen () was sent to survey the Hebei (, i.e., the region north of the Yellow River) and visited Pinglu Army, An ingratiated himself with Zhang, so much so that he even bribed Zhang's servants. An Lushan Rebellion death toll. Repr. Shi Siming was killed in turn by his own son, Shi Chaoyi. An Lushan Rebellion (755-763 AD) The An Lushan Rebellion happened in the Chinese Tang Dynasty when a Tang general established a rival dynasty in the North. The event involved military activity and direct deaths from battle, but also The Battle of Yehuling between the Mongols and the Jin dynasty, by Sayf al-Vhid (c. 1430). While the dynasty survived after the rebellions end in 763, the Tang empire was never the same again. WebSamnite Wars. WebThe An Lushan Rebellion was a major societal disturbance and turmoil which took place in China during the Tang Dynasty from December 16, 755 to February 17, 763 (although the effects lasted past this), beginning when general An Lushan declared himself emperor in Northern China, thus establishing a rival Yan Dynasty.This event is also known Read More: 16 Shocking Facts about Joseph Stalin Wars of Alexander the Great. On the night of 29 January 757,[3] with Yan and An Qingxu watching outside, Li Zhu'er took a sword into the palace and attacked An Lushan. WebThe An Lushan Rebellion (755763 ce) was an dealt a death blow to the cost-effective . Please be sure to Read Our Rules before you contribute to this community. By this time, it was clear that the new dynasty would be short-lived, and generals and soldiers alike began to defect to the Tang army. Wars of Alexander the Great. Here are our sources: The Punic Wars, Nigel Bagnall, St. Martins Press, 2005, A Companion to the Punic Wars, B.D. [35], Late in 751, An launched a major attack against the Khitan, advancing quickly to the heart of Khitan territory, but, hampered by rains, was defeated by the Khitan, and the general He Side () was killed. In 748, Emperor Xuanzong awarded An Lushan an iron certificate promising that he would not be executed, except for treason, and in 750, he created An Prince of Dongping, setting a precedent for generals not of the imperial Li clan to be created princes. Note that this is an estimate made by western observers. In total, across more than a century of warfare the Mongols are believed to have been directly responsible for the deaths of 30,000,000 to 40,000,000 people, in addition to displacing hundreds of millions and indirectly causing the calamitous Black Plague in Europe. The rebellion was originally led by An Lushan, a general officer of the Tang military system. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts, Soviet Union & Post-Soviet States | Modern Central Asia. Death Toll Estimate: 72 Million Having taken a break from fighting for a few years, total war broke out again in 1939. World War II, the largest and deadliest war in human history, was a global total war between 1939 and 1945, involving more than 30 countries and 100 million participants. He responded, "Other than a faithful heart, there is nothing else." The long and short is no: the An Lushan Rebellion did not kill a major percentage of the Earth's population. [19][22], On his side, Matsui Hitoshi, noting that nothing in the historical records provides hard evidence of Sogdian origin and that An Lushan was living at Yingzhou, a settlement of Kumo Xi and Khitan people, suggests that "Perhaps [An Lushan's father] might have been of Khitan origin. Estimating casualties is difficult; some place the death toll as high as 36 million, Death toll estimations are based on historical census data. In 757, An Lushan was murdered by his own son. The Emperor also sent Feng to the eastern capital, Luoyang, to build up the defense there; another general, Gao Xianzhi, was ordered to command a secondary defense at Shan Commandery (, roughly modern Sanmenxia, Henan). On one occasion, three days after his birthday, he was taken into the womens quarters of the palace dressed as a baby, and put through a mock adoption ceremony by Yang. At this point, there was a new Tang Emperor: Li Heng, or Emperor Suzong. In 756, he took the capital of Changan and forced the Emperor to flee. He approached Luoyang, where he encountered an ill-prepared army commanded by Feng, defeating Feng quickly and forcing Feng to flee and concede Luoyang to him. WebPemberontakan ini juga dikenal sebagai Pemberontakan Tianbao (). You should realize many of the bloodiest wars in history took place within China, which is partly just due to the population of China being historically greater than most other regions. After reaching Sichuan, Xuanzong abdicated in favor of the crown prince, who was proclaimed Suzong. For the next 144 years, the Tang ceased to exist in all but name, a far cry from its glorious days under Emperors Taizong and Xuanzong. However, in his efforts to solidify his fledgling regime Zicheng sought to purge the military ranks of Ming loyalists. The revolt that rocked the Tang Dynasty. Wikimedia Commons. An Lushan had good relations with the High Chancellor, Li Linfu. New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article [32], An often pleased Emperor Xuanzong by offering Emperor Xuanzong tributes of rare items, such as rare animals or jewels. With a counted, estimated death toll of around 8 to 12 million people, the gruesome war was fought between the powerful, major ethnic groups in China. FOR SALE! 1988 (vol. This page was last edited on 27 December 2022, at 14:50. The surnames Kang and An suggest that they were respectively from the Sogdian kingdoms of Samarkand (; cf. This page was last edited on 18 June 2021, at 09:30. The An Lushan Rebellion Establishing the new capital of Mexico City on the ruins of Tenochtitlan, in 1522 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V proclaimed Corts captain-general of New Spain as a reward for his services and genocide. That conflict is generally thought to have a death toll of 20 million. Wikimedia Commons. The Revolt of An Lushan. Although it is difficult to Geshu, with Emperor Xuanzong repeatedly ordering him to attack, was forced to do so, and was defeated by Cui. At An's request, Emperor Xuanzong also gave him the governorship of Hedong Circuit (, headquartered in modern Taiyuan, Shanxi), in addition to Pinglu and Fanyang. Eventually An Lushan was made governor of three major frontier provinces in the northeast, giving him control of the eastern half of Chinas frontier, and putting him in control of 40 percent of the Tang forces. The An Lushan Rebellion spanned from 16 December 755 to 17 February 763. This rebellion involved the death of some 1336 million people, making it one of the deadliest wars in history. This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. [36], On Lunar New Year's day, 756 (5 February[1]), An Lushan declared himself Emperor at Luoyang, establishing a new state of Yan, making Zhang Tongru and the surrendered Tang official Daxi Xun () his chancellors. [16] Meanwhile, Yan Zhenqing's cousin Yan Gaoqing (), who initially submitted to An, rose against An at Changshan Commandery (, roughly modern Baoding, Hebei) but was quickly defeated and delivered to An in Luoyang; An executed him and sent An Qingxu to make an initial attack against Tong Pass, and Geshu Han repelled the attack. Zhang was set to execute An Lushan by caning, when An Lushan yelled out, "Is it that you, Lord, do not wish to destroy the two barbarian tribes? Yang and Wei then suggested that An be promoted chancellor, and that his three commands be divided between his three deputies. 2005. China spans five geographical time zones and borders 14 different countries, the second most In 1211 the Mongols invaded Jin China, capturing and sacking the capital city of Yanjing. Drives me nuts. Chinese territory increased enormously and the The Tang Dynasty (618-907) represented one of the greatest periods of Chinese history. Zu Tianli (Chinese, 20th C.) "Year of the Dog" Original Watercolor on 175635071378 The rebellion overtly began on December 16, 755, when general An Lushan declared himself emperor in Northern China, thus establishing a rival Yan Dynasty, and ended when Yan fell on February 17, 763 (although Help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources ranks of Ming loyalists break from fighting for few. Short is no: the An Lushan Rebellion, ruptured through the imperial army two years later An expedition by. 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